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References

  • Development of laser micro-engraving of photomasks
    Development of laser micro-engraving of photomasks
    Laser micro-engraving technology is finding more industrial applications, especially in the electronic industry. The lasers used in this technology are mainly Nd:YAG lasers (including fundamental andsecond harmonic wavelengths), argon ion lasers, and excimer lasers.
    Sep 29, 2023
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  • Study of Solid-State Lasers
    Study of Solid-State Lasers
    Solid-state lasers are widely used in industry. It is inevitable that an equivalent thermal lens generated by the laser rod will be formed because of in-homogeneous heating of the rod. Also, the laser beam quality of solidstate lasers depends strongly on the pumping power due to the thermal lensing effect.​
    Sep 29, 2023
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  • Laser Drilling Technologies
    Laser Drilling Technologies
    During the early 1960s, the range of drilling applications for various lasers was very narrow such as perforation of baby bottle nipple and piercing diamonds. Today, lasers are used in the aerospace and automobile industries for production of large-volume holes for cooling and lubrication purposes in engine components. Laser hole drilling is also used to produce tiny orifices for nozzles, apertures for electron beam instruments, and pin-holes for optical work.
    Sep 29, 2023
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  • Attosecond Timing Distribution
    Attosecond Timing Distribution
    Ultra-stable distribution of timing signals plays a key role in many scientific experiments and research facilitieslike free electrons lasers or radio-telescope arrays. Timing distribution via optical fiber is convenient and itenables connection of very distant devices separated by distances of hundred meters. Such optical linksachieve distribution of RF signals with sub-femtosecond synchronizatio
    Feb 16, 2021
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  • Radiofrequency Generation
    Radiofrequency Generation
    Radiofrequency (RF) sources are widely used in our modern world. All the radar systems, GPS and a broad range of other technologies are based on generating and comparing RF signals. The need to have more precise measurement systems and faster communication solutions puts stringent requirements on phase noise andtiming-jitter.
    Feb 16, 2021
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  • Photonic Analog to Digital Conversion
    Photonic Analog to Digital Conversion
    Digitalization of data opens unprecedented opportunities in telecommunication, radar and signal processing. Almost all sensing systems in use today require analog signals to be converted to digital ones. Signal rates have grown at a rate that has outpaced electronic analog to digital conversion (ADC). This demand for higher bandwidth, speed or digitalization precision puts stringent requirements on the aperture jitter of ADC setups.
    Feb 16, 2021
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  • Self-reference Optical Frequency Comb
    Self-reference Optical Frequency Comb
    An optical frequency comb (OFC) is a photonic tool similar to a gear in mechanics. It connects the optical frequency domain (THz) to the well-known microwave domain (MHz – GHz). This guarantees a “one to one” correspondence between frequencies that differ by more than five decades, and enables ultra-high optical frequencies to be directly resolved with standard electronics.
    Feb 16, 2021
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  • Laser Surface Texturing Using a Single DOE as an Alternative for Direct Laser Interference Patternin
    Laser Surface Texturing Using a Single DOE as an Alternative for Direct Laser Interference Patternin
    In this work we introduce a simple and universal optical setup design for laser surface texturing (LST) that provides functionality superior than direct laser interference patterning (DLIP). The method requires only a single periodic diffractive optical element and a focusing lens while enabling unlimited freedom for spatial shaping and amplitude variations. The concept is based on the special be
    Nov 16, 2020
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  • 2.5D Laser Pprocessing Using Electrically Tunable Lens
    2.5D Laser Pprocessing Using Electrically Tunable Lens
    To describe the integration of the electrically tunable lens with the controller board for the laser marking and engraving application and present a compact 2.5D laser marking system in which the mechanical movement is obsolete.
    May 31, 2020
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  • 3D Laser Pprocessing Using Electrically Focus-Tunable Lens
    3D Laser Pprocessing Using Electrically Focus-Tunable Lens
    To provide general guidelines of using a tunable lens in combination of controller board for 3D laser marking and engraving applications (without an f-theta lens). it would be an ideal candidate to overcome many of the downsides of a mechanical solution while at the same time ensuring reduced costs and compact design.
    May 31, 2020
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  • Introduction to Laser Lamps
    Introduction to Laser Lamps
    Laser lamps are mercury-free gas discharge lamps used to pump solid-state lasers in many laser applications like welding cutting and marking. They are especially suitable for high-power lasers or lasers with high precision requirements.
    Apr 26, 2020
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  • PPLN tutorial
    PPLN tutorial
    Sintec Optronics specialises in the manufacture of periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) devices such as MgO-doped periodically poled lithium niobate (MgO:PPLN or PPMgO:LN) and undoped PPLN. These PPLN devices are highly efficient mediums for nonlinear wavelength conversion processes such as: second harmonic generation; difference frequency generation; sum frequency generation; optical para
    Jan 22, 2020
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  • DOEs for beam shaping
    DOEs for beam shaping
    A diffractive optical element (DOE) uses thin micro-structure patterns to alter the phase of the light that is propagated through it. Those micro-structures once properly designed can manipulate the light to almost any desired intensity profile or shape. This technology enables many functions and light manipulations which are not feasible with standard refractive optics.
    Sep 26, 2019
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  • Available Coating Technologies
    Available Coating Technologies
    Available coating technologies include magnetron sputtering ion beam sputtering electron beam evaporation ion assisted deposition These technologies are compared in details.
    Jun 18, 2019
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  • Beam Shaper Application Notes
    Beam Shaper Application Notes
    In various industries there is a need to focus a laser beam to a well-defined size and shape with uniformintensity (flat top). A uniform spot enables even laser treatment of the working surface.
    Jun 18, 2017
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  • Introduction to Nd:YAG Laser
    Introduction to Nd:YAG Laser
    The first demonstration of laser action by T. H. Maiman was achieved in 1960 using ruby (Cr3+:Al2O3). In 1960 L. F. Johnson and K. Nassau demonstrated the first solid-state neodymium laser in which the neodymium ion was a dopant in calcium tungstate (CaWO4).
    Jan 07, 2017
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  • Application of Taguchi Methodi in Optimisation of Laser Micro-engraving of Photomasks
    Application of Taguchi Methodi in Optimisation of Laser Micro-engraving of Photomasks
    This paper discusses the use of the Taguchi method of experimental design in optimising process parameters for micro-engraving of iron oxide coated glass using a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser.
    Jan 07, 2017
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  • Study of a Second Harmonic Nd:YAG Laser
    Study of a Second Harmonic Nd:YAG Laser
    A second harmonic generator was designed and set-up. The factors affecting conversion efficiency and beam quality were discussed. The performance of the second harmonic generator was investigated.
    Jan 07, 2017
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  • How to Select a Laser Marking System
    How to Select a Laser Marking System
    When selecting a laser marking system for a particular application there are many factors to consider: power density time reflectivity and thermal. This paper will tell you how to select a laser marking system.
    Jan 07, 2017
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  • Introduction to Acousto-Optical Q-switch
    Introduction to Acousto-Optical Q-switch
    The acousto-optical Q-switch often used in the laser marking makes use of mutual interaction between an ultrasonic wave and a light beam in a scattering medium. The light beam that enters in a direction forming a Bragg angle to the wave surface of the acoustic wave in the scattering medium is diffracted in accordance with periodic changes in the diffraction rate produced by the acoustic wave.
    Jan 07, 2017
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  • Excimer Laser Drilling of Polymers
    Excimer Laser Drilling of Polymers
    Laser micro-drilling technology plays a more and more important role in industry especially in the fabrication of multi-layer electronic packages. In such applications non-metals are often used as insulators in which via holes are formed to provide vertical interconnections for densely packed three dimensional wiring networks.
    Jan 07, 2017
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  • Introduction to Optics for Laser Scanners
    Introduction to Optics for Laser Scanners
    A laser beam is reflected from two scan mirrors in turn and directed through a focusing lens. The mirrors are capable of high speed deflection about a rotation axis being driven by a galvo-scanner motor.
    Jan 07, 2017
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  • Comparison of Marking Methods
    Comparison of Marking Methods
    There are numerous laser marking systems being used to engrave nameplates as a means of applying the advantages of laser marking to products that are too large and / or too heavy to the laser marking systems.
    Jan 07, 2017
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  • Laser Marking Mechanism and Quality Characteristics
    Laser Marking Mechanism and Quality Characteristics
    Marking contrast can be achieved by surface material removal or color change. When infrared lasers are used marking contrast relies on thermal effects. When UV lasers such as excimer lasers are used marking contrast can be achieved through a photo-chemical transformation i.e. color change.
    Jan 07, 2017
    0

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